The study of the ways in which morphemes can be combined to form words is called morphology.

Modern linguistics regards the written language as primary, not the written language.

Phonetics is different from phonology in that the latter studies the combinations of the sounds to convey meaning in communication.

D（）is one of the design features of human language which refers to the phenomenon that language consists of two levels: a lower level of meaningless individual sounds and a higher level of meaningful units.

Phonology

Pragmatics

Modern linguistics is different from traditional grammar.

Sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society.

Semantics

P （）refers to the realization of langue in actual use.