On traffic lanes where demand is strong and plane capacity is limited， the air rates will be （）and vice versa for traffic lanes where supply exceeds demand.

Since the freight payments are taken care of by the freight forwarder， the carrier doesn′t have to take any （）.

There are three major routes of container transportation： Far East to North America， Far East to Europe and Mediterranean， North America to Europe and Mediterranean.

In（）the bunker is payable by the shipowner.

The freight forwarders， on behalf of the consignee， would arrange customs clearance and pay duties， fees and other charges to the customs and other public authorities.

（） is a system of unitized multimodal land transportation of transport by road and rail.

The UCP published by the （），contains detailed provisions dealing with the operation of documentary credit.

Under documentary credit， the buyer is entitled to take delivery of the goods from the carrier or its agent before settling the payment.

For transport of hazardous materials， truckers need a licence， which usually requires them to pass an exam.

In consolidation service， it is usually the consignor who issues to each consignee his bill of lading.