Supply chain management consists of firms collaborating to leverage strategic positioning and to improve operating efficiency.

According to INCOTERMS 2010， CIP means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier nominated by the buyer at the named place.

The freight forwarders， on behalf of the consignee， would arrange customs clearance and pay duties， fees and other charges to the customs and other public authorities.

（） transport of goods is the principal means of transport in many countries due to the low threshold infrastructure requirements.

Usually， the straight bill of lading is non-negotiable， that is， the goods must be sent to the consignee named in the bill of lading by the carrier.

In（）the bunker is payable by the shipowner.

Consolidation can benefit all concerned.For exporters and shippers， they get the benefit of（）than they would have normally paid to the carrier.

When one of the original bills of lading being surrendered to the carrier， the others become （）.

The（）may examine or re-examine the goods or take samples from them straightaway in the absence of the consignee or the consignor whenever it considers this necessary.

Sea waybill is an import file.It is （）.