A scientific study of language is based on what the linguist thinks.

The discipline that studies the rules governing the formation of words into permissible sentences in languages is called s（）

D（）is one of the design features of human language which refers to the phenomenon that language consists of two levels: a lower level of meaningless individual sounds and a higher level of meaningful units.

The study of the ways in which morphemes can be combined to form words is called morphology.

General linguistics is generally the study of language as a whole.

Human capacity for language has a g（）basis, but the details of language have to be taught and learned.

Pragmatics is different from semantics in that pragmatics studies meaning not in isolation, but in context.

Findings in linguistic studies can often be applied to the settlement of some practical problems. The study of such applications is generally known as a（）linguistics.

Sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society.

The distinction between competence and performance was proposed by F. de Saussure.